2021

Theme issue‘Biological Anthroengineering’

Consistent inconsistencies in braking: a spatial analysis

Alexandra G. Hammerberg, Patricia Ann Kramer

Primate Evolutionary Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle

Schlagwörter

human movement, anthroengineering, spatial statistics, centre of pressure

human movement, anthroengineering, spatial statistics, centre of pressure

Zusammenfassung

The dynamic system that is the bipedal body in motion is of interest to engineers, clinicians and biological anthropologists alike. Spatial statistics is more familiar to public health researchers as a way of analysing disease clustering and spread; nonetheless, this is a practical approach to the two-dimensional topography of the foot. We quantified the clustering of the centre of pressure (CoP) on the foot for peak braking and propulsive vertical ground reaction forces (GRFs) over multiple, contiguous steps to assess the consistency of the location of peak forces on the foot during walking. The vertical GRFs of 11 participants were collected continuously via a wireless insole system (MoticonReGo AG) across various experimental conditions. We hypothesized that CoPs would cluster in the hindfoot for braking and forefoot for propulsion, and that braking would demonstrate more consistent clustering than propulsion. Contrary to our hypotheses, we found that CoPs during braking are inconsistent in their location, and CoPs during propulsion are more consistent and clustered across all participants and all trials. These results add to our understanding of the applied forces on the foot so that we can better predict fatigue failures and better understand the mechanisms that shaped the modern bipedal form.

Moticon's Schlussfolgerungen

This study aimed to quantify the center of pressure location and consistency during peak force application while walking. Thereby the analysis focused primarily on the braking and propulsion phases of the gait cycle. For the analysis, participants performed a treadmill walking test at three different speeds. Pressure data during testing was collected using Moticon sensor insoles. Center of pressure location and consistency were analyzed based on the clustering of center of pressure values for individual gait cycles. Resulting clusters were analyzed using spatial statistical methodologies. Results showed that the center of pressure is rather consistent during propulsion while exhibiting greater inconsistency in terms of its location during the braking phase of the gait cycle.

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