Wireless Sensor Insoles for Assessing Load Distribution and Plantar Pressures in Persons with Orthopedic Conditions within a Home Environment: A Case Report

Detecting asymmetries in lower limb load and plantar pressures is crucial for preventing further damage in individuals with orthopedic conditions. Traditionally, asymmetries have been identified in laboratory settings, limiting ecological validity. In this study, an older woman with orthopedic conditions, including total knee arthroplasty and flatfeet, wore wireless sensor insoles while performing a home-based path consisting of a sequence of daily activities previously shown to highlight load asymmetries. Sensor insole data were also collected during a standing test. While plantar pressures typical of flatfoot were observed, no substantial differences in load distribution between lower limbs were found during the home-based path. However, the person showed a tendency to load the more affected limb during the standing test. Factors such as proprioceptive impairments and discomfort from the insoles may have influenced load distribution. This study suggests that sensor insoles can represent a promising tool for real-world assessments and highlights the importance of addressing usability issues to improve data reliability.